Laboratory Animal Facilities and ManagementAnimal Welfare Information Center
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Compiled By:
D'Anna J.B. Jensen
Animal Welfare Information Center, Information Centers Branch
National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture
10301 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351
Jensen, D'Anna J.B. Laboratory animal facilities and management, January 1985- March 1995. (Quick bibliography series ; 95-17) 1. Laboratory animals--Management--Bibliography. 2. Facility management--Bibliography. I. Title. aZ5071.N3 no.95-17
Set Description
S1 (LABORATORY OR EXPERIMENTAL)()ANIMAL??
S2 (BREEDING OR MANAGEMENT OR HOUSING OR CAGE? OR CAGING
OR FACILIT?)
S3 S1 AND S2
S4 S3 AND PY=1985:1995
S5 RD (unique items)
1 NAL Call. No.: QL55.J55 Breeding and care for wild woodchucks (Marmota monax) by indoor and outdoor housing Shiga, J.; Yamamoto, K.; Ito, M.; Koshimizu, K. Tokyo : Keio University School of Medicine; 1989 Apr. Jikken dobutsu; experimental animals v. 38 (2): p. 155-158. ill; 1989 Apr. Includes references. Language: Japanese Descriptors: Marmot; Animal husbandry; Animal housing; Breeding; Carcinoma; Neoplasms; Disease models; Domestication 2 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 1985 buyer's guide. New York : Media Horizons; 1985 Oct. Lab animal v. 13 (7): 93 p.; 1985 Oct. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Laboratory animals; Buyers' guides; Directories; Boxes; Cages; Equipment; Diets; Veterinary services 3 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3 Abortion, stillbirth, neonatal death, and nutritional myodegeneration in a rabbit breeding colony. Yamini, B.; Stein, S. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1989 Feb15. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 194 (4): p. 561-562. ill; 1989 Feb15. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rabbits; Abortion; Fetal death; Neonatal mortality; Nutritional muscular dystrophy; Symptoms; Vitamin e 4 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Acute restraint device for rhesus monkeys. Robbins, D.O.; Zwick, H.; Leedy, M.; Stearns, G. Joliet, Ill. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1986 Feb. Laboratory animal science v. 36 (1): p. 68-70. ill; 1986 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rhesus monkeys; Restraint of animals; Immobilization; Cages; Design 5 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Adrenal and body temperature changes in rabbits exposed to varying effective temperatures. Besch, E.L.; Brigmon, R.L. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Jan. Laboratory animal science v. 41 (1): p. 31-34; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rabbits; Temperature; Body temperature; Adrenal glands; Stress; Corticosterone; Blood plasma Abstract: Eight adult New Zealand White rabbits were exposed individually, in series, to each of 23 effective temperatures (teff) until body temperature (tb) increased 1.1 degree C or for a period of 2 hours. Body temperature was measured to the nearest 0.1 degree C using FM radio transmitters in the pre- test (baseline) condition and at 2 minute intervals during the test conditions where teff ranged between 21.7 and 34.7 degrees C. The frequency at which the rabbits displayed a 1.1 degree C rise in tb was related to the magnitude of the teff, with 100% of the rabbits manifesting this change at teff greater than 30.2 degrees C. At teff of 28.4 through 30.2 degrees C, some, but not all, of the rabbits showed a 1.1 degree C rise in tb whereas none displayed the 1.1 degree C rise in tb at teff below 28.4 degrees C. The mean time necessary for the 1.1 degree C rise in tb was negatively correlated (P < 0.01) to the magnitude of the teff. The significantly (P < 0.01) elevated plasma corticosterone in rabbits exhibiting 0.6 degrees C and 1.1 degree C rise in tb suggests that those animals were stressed physiologically by the experimental procedure. It is concluded that the conditions associated with increased tb induce physiological changes commonly associated with stressors and that the techniques reported herein should be useful in establishing upper environmental temperature limits for housing rabbits. 6 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Advances in the management of primates kept for biomedical research. Sainsbury, A.W.; London; Mew, J.A.; Purton, P.; Eaton, B.D.; Cooper, J.E. Sussex : The Institute; 1990 Aug. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 41 (2): p. 87-101. ill; 1990 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Marmosets; Macaca fascicularis; Laboratory rearing; Animal welfare; Cages; Diet; Restraint of animals; Identification; Medical research Abstract: Changes in the management of colonies of Long- tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) and Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) kept atthe Royal College of Surgeons Research Establishment are outlined. Over the courseof a year the welfare of the macaques has been improved by a series of changesin their housing coupled with modifications in their diet. In addition a newsystem of chemically immobilizing the macaques has been advised. Advances in marmoset management have been less far reaching but a prototype of a new housing system is being built, a number of studies are inprogress aimed at enriching the environment and a change in diet has been carriedout. These developments are discussed in the context of increasingconcern over the need to house and manage primates under optimum conditions. 7 NAL Call. No.: Z7994.L3A5 Adverse effects in animals and their relevance to refining scientific procedures. Morton, D.B. Nottingham : Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments; 1990 Nov. Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA v. 18: p. 29-39; 1990 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal welfare Abstract: This paper highlights the areas in which refinement, with the specific aim of reducing laboratory animal pain, distress and anxiety, can be achieved. Good husbandry and housing which meet the animals' behavioural needs, careful and gentle handling, competence in carrying out scientific Procedures, and alleviation of any unwanted side- effects, are all of paramount importance. Whilst "suffering" cannot easily be tightly defined, it is essential to recognise when an animal is suffering so that its alleviation can be instigated. 8 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Allergy to laboratory mice and rats: a review of its prevention, management, and treatment. Hunskaar, S.; Fosse, R.T. London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1993 Jul. Laboratory animals v. 27 (3): p. 206-221; 1993 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Allergies; Laboratory animals Abstract: Allergy to laboratory animals is reviewed from a management point of view. Personnel issues, medical therapy, legal aspects, animal house environments and work routines are discussed. Modern methods of medical treatments are presented but it is recommended that environmental control should be given priority over drugs. Several ventilation and building design systems are reviewed from an ALA viewpoint. New technology (including down-ventilated benches, ventilated cages) is reviewed and possible effectiveness analysed. These systems, though potentially of value, lack adequate testing under clinical conditions. We conclude that there are many clinically untested techniques that remain to be proven and whose efficacy has not been documented. 9 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3 Alternatives to chronic restraint of nonhuman primates. Morton, W.R.; Knitter, G.H.; Smith, P.M.; Susor, T.G.; Schmitt, K. Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1987 Nov15. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 191 (10): p. 1282-1286. ill; 1987 Nov15. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Restraint of animals; Cages 10 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Alternatives to continuous social housing. Bayne, K. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Aug. Laboratory animal science v. 41 (4): p. 355-359; 1991 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Animal housing; Environment; Enrichment Abstract: Although social housing is desirable for social species of nonhuman primates, circumstances arise whereby social housing is precluded (for example, certain kinds of infectious disease or toxicologic research, when the health of the animal(s) would be compromised by social housing, and animals which respond behaviorally in an inappropriate manner to social housing). Nonsocial alternatives that provide increased environmental complexity to the home cage should then be considered. Nonsocial "environmental enrichment" schemes can be designed to enhance the expression of an individually housed nonhuman primate's locomotive/postural, manipulative, and foraging behaviors. In this way, nonsocial, but species-typical, behaviors can be promoted in the single cage housing condition. 11 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Ambulatory electrocardiography (Holter monitoring) in caged monkeys. Vogel, A.P.; Jaax, G.P.; Tezak-Reid, T.M.; Baskin, S.I.; Bartholomew, J.L. London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1991 Jan. Laboratory animals v. 25 (1): p. 16-20; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Macaca mulatta; Electrocardiography; Monitoring Abstract: A swivel-tethering and jacket system was used in conjunction with vinyl patch electrodes and Holter recorders to obtain continuous ECG recordings in 12 rhesus monkeys on a long-term (12 day) study. Animals were custom-fitted with nylon mesh jackets that were connected to a swivel unit by a flexible, stainless steel tether. Lead wires from the chest electrodes passed through the tether to the electrical swivel apparatus located at the top of the cage. Wires from the upper part of the swivel were attached to a reel-to-reel Holter recorder. This technique was used to obtain 24-h continuous ECG recordings, which were later processed using a computer- assisted Holter analysis system. 12 NAL Call. No.: HV4701.A34 Animal boredom: is a scientific study of the subjective experiences of animals possible?. Wemelsfelder, F. Boston : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers; 1985, reprinted 1984. Advances in animal welfare science 1985).: p. 115-154; 1985, reprinted 1984. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Livestock; Poultry; Laboratory animals; Animal behavior; Animal housing; Animal welfare; Stress; Boredom 13 NAL Call. No.: QH432.E9 Animal breeding practice. Webb, A.J. Oxford, UK : CAB; 1989. Evolution and animal breeding : reviews on molecular and quantitative approaches in honour of Alan Robertson / edited by William G. Hill and Trudy F.C. Mackay. p. 195-202; 1989. Language: English Descriptors: Pigs; Animal breeding; Quantitative genetics; Selection; Genetic variation; Crossing; Population structure; Laboratory animals 14 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Animal caging: is big necessarily better?. Bantin, G.C.; Sanders, P.D. Sussex : The Institute; 1989 Apr. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 40 (1): p. 45-54. ill; 1989 Apr. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: United Kingdom; Laboratory animals; Animal housing; Legislation; Animal welfare; Cage size 15 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Animal census with off-the-shelf software. Coons, D.; Haesemeyer, J. New York : Media Horizons; 1986 Mar. Lab animal v. 15 (2): p. 49-50; 1986 Mar. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Facilities; Censuses; Computer applications 16 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Animal cubicles: questions, answers, options, opinions. Hessler, J.R. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1993 Apr. Lab animal v. 22 (4): p. 21-22, 24-25, 28-36; 1993 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal housing 17 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Animal facilities: planning for flexibility. Graves, R.G. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1990 Sep. Lab animal v. 19 (6): p. 29-32, 37-40, 42, 44, 46, 48-50. ill; 1990 Sep. Language: English Descriptors: Animal housing; Laboratory animals 18 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Animal facility portable sinks. Kirk, K. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1992 Feb. Lab animal v. 21 (2): p. 50-54; 1992 Feb. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory equipment; Mobile equipment 19 NAL Call. No.: QL55.U5 1987 The animal house: design, equipment and environmental control., 6th ed. Clough, G. London : Longman; 1987. The UFAW handbook on the care and management of laboratory animals / edited by Trevor B. Poole; editorial assistant, Ruth Robinson. p. 108-143; 1987. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal housing; Structural design; Laboratory equipment; Environmental control 20 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Animal house stock control based on bar-coded cage labels. Wootton, R. Essex : Laboratory Animal Science Association; 1985 Oct. Laboratory animals v. 19 (4): p. 359-367. ill; 1985 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Information services; Inventories; Data collection; Computers; Records; Stocks; Animal husbandry 21 NAL Call. No.: QL55.U5 1987 Animal production and breeding methods., 6th ed. Festing, M.F.W. London : Longman; 1987. The UFAW handbook on the care and management of laboratory animals / edited by Trevor B. Poole; editorial assistant, Ruth Robinson. p. 18-34; 1987. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal production; Breeding methods; Animal breeding 22 NAL Call. No.: 470 SCI2 Animal regulations: so far, so good. Holden, C. Washington, D.C. : American Association for the Advancement of Science; 1987 Nov13. Science v. 238 (4829): p. 880-882. ill; 1987 Nov13. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Laboratory animals; Regulations; Facilities; Laboratories; Animal welfare; Standards; Usda 23 NAL Call. No.: KF27.A33277 1990f Animal research facilities protection joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Department Operations, Research, and Foreign Agriculture and the Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, February 28, 1990. United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture. Subcommittee on Department Operations, Research, and Foreign Agriculture; United States, Congress, House, Committee on Agriculture, Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry Washington [D.C.] : U.S. G.P.O. : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., Congressional Sales Office, U.S. G.P.O.,; 1991; Y 4.Ag 8/1:101-52. iv, 176 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. Serial no. 101-52. Language: English Descriptors: Criminal procedure; Laboratories; Animal welfare; Laboratory animals 24 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 "Animal research protocol management system". DeWees, D.L.; Silverman, J. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1992 Oct. Lab animal v. 21 (9): p. 54-56, 58, 60; 1992 Oct. Language: English Descriptors: Animal experiments; Computer software 25 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Animal research review in an industrial facility. Knauff, D.R. Joliet, Ill. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1987 Jan. Laboratory animal science v. 37 (special issue): p. 129-131; 1987 Jan. In the series analytic: Effective animal care and use committees / edited by F.B. Orlans, R.C. Simmonds, W.J. Dodds. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Laboratory animals; Animal research; Animal welfare; Regulations; Industry; Animal experiments; Committees 26 NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.738 Animal Resource Facility training program a training program in laboratory animal care & use.. Animal training videotape Manual for general information related to animal research Texas Tech University, Health Sciences Center Lubbock, Tex. : Texas Tech University, Health Sciences Center,; 1987. 1 videocassette (42 min.) : Db sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 manual. VHS. Title on label: Animal training videotape. Title on manual: A manual of general information related to animal research. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Law and legislation; United States; Animal experimentation 27 NAL Call. No.: HV4930.W45 1993 Animal use in Department of Defense research facilities an analysis of "Annual reports of research facility" filed with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1986-1991. Weichbrod, Robert H. c1993; 1993. xii, 262 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 247-253). Language: English Descriptors: Animal experimentation 28 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Ankylosis of hock joints in group caged male B6C3F1 mice. Rao, G.N.; Lindsey, J.R. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1988 Aug. Laboratory animal science v. 38 (4): p. 417-421. ill; 1988 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Strains; Pathogen free animals; Males; Cages; Joints (animal); Ankylosis; Hocks Abstract: Enlarged hock joints were observed during 1983 in B6C3F1 mice of chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity studies sponsored by the National Toxicology Program (NTP). Subsequently, approximately 9,500 B5C3F1 mice on 32 NTP chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity studies were evaluated for this condition by clinical examination. Group caged male B6C3F1 mice had thickening and reduced mobility of the hock joints at prevalences of 1.2% up to 6 months of age; 23% at 6 to 12 months of age; and 62% at 13 to 26 months of age. Group caged female B6C3F1 mice had a prevalence of 2% or less. Histologically, affected mice had periarticular exostoses on the bones of the hock joints, with formation of bony bridges around joints and deposition of new bone in joint spaces, resulting in partial or complete ankylosis. Individually caged male and female B6C3F1 mice were not affected. The cause of the ankylosis was not determined, but its occurrence in the NTP studies has been reduced by individual caging. 29 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1I43 Annotated bibliography on uncommonly used laboratory animals: mammals. Fine, J.; Quimby, F.W.; Greenhouse, D.D. Washington, D.C. : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council; 1986. I.L.A.R. news v. 29 (4): p. 3A-38A. ill; 1986. Literature review. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Mammals; Classification; Animal nutrition; Animal housing; Veterinary services 30 NAL Call. No.: QL785.A725 Anticipatory contrast as a measure of time horizons in the rat: some methodological determinants. Lucas, G.A.; Gawley, D.J.; Timberlake, W. Austin, Tex. : Psychonomic Society; 1988 Nov. Animal learning & behavior v. 16 (4): p. 377-382; 1988 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Feeding behavior; Time; Measurement; Food intake; Saccharin; Methodology Abstract: In three experiments, the time horizon over which the rat evaluates alternative feeding sources was investigated. The time horizon was measured by the suppression of intake of one incentive (a 0.15% saccharin solution) when a preferred alternative incentive (a 32% sucrose solution) was available but delayed . In Experiment 1, we found a direct function between the amount of saccharin intake and the delay time before access to 32% sucrose. Compared with intake for a saccharin-only control, saccharin intake was suppressed before 4-min and 16-min sucrose delays, but not before a 32-min delay. Because previous work (Flaherty & Checke, 1982) had reported suppression before a delay of nearly 32 min, in the subsequent experiments we examined factors that might account for this difference. In Experiment 2, we found that saccharin intake was suppressed before a 32-min delay interval when saccharin and sucrose solutions were presented in a bright- novel test environment but not when the same solutions were presented in the home cage. In Experiment 3, we found that the time between testing and subsequent postsession feeding could also affect the suppression of saccharin intake. Saccharin intake was suppressed when access to 32% sucrose was delayed by 32 min and the test situation was followed by immediate postsession feeding, but not when postsession feeding was delayed by 90 min. These results thus extend estimates of the rat's time horizon to at least 32 min, but indicate that the effective time horizon can vary, depending on the test situation. 31 NAL Call. No.: QL55.F43 1987 The application of embryo transfer and cryopreservation to commercial laboratory animal breeding. Cryopreservation of mouse strains by a quick freezing method. Dagnaes-Hansen, F. Dordrecht : M. Nijhoff; 1988. New developments in biosciences : their implications for laboratory animal science : proceedings of the Third Symposium, Amsterdam, The Nethrlands, 1-5 June 1987 / edited by Anton C. Beyneen and Henk A. Solleveld. p. 375-378; 1988. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Strains; Embryos (animal); Transfers; Freezing; Preservation 32 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 The application of scid mouse technology to questions in reproductive biology. Croy, B.A. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1993 Apr. Laboratory animal science v. 43 (2): p. 123-126; 1993 Apr. Paper presented at a conference entitled "The Scid Mouse in Biomedical and Agricultural Research," August 5-7, 1992, Guelph, Canada. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Immune competence; Mice Abstract: Mice expressing the scid gene have been used to study major questions in the field of reproductive immunology. Transfer of Mus caroli embryos to the uteri of pseudopregnant scid/scid mice disproved the hypothesis that antigen-specific immune rejection of fetuses was occurring in this model of midgestational pregnancy failure. The results of breeding studies of mice having the scid/scid.bg/bg genotype suggested that uterine lymphocytes have little or no role in promoting embryonic survival under pathogen-free conditions. Further, the results of in vitro studies using uterine lymphocytes from these immunodeficient mice suggested that the cytokines important for pregnancy success were not lymphocyte-derived. Xenogeneic engraftment of embryonic and uterine tissues into scid/scid and scid/scid.bg/bg mice is also successful and has the potential for facilitating studies of the fetomaternal interface in domestic animal species, such as cows and horses, as well as in humans. 33 NAL Call. No.: SF407.P7T49 1991 Applied primate ecology: evaluation of environmental changes intended to promote psychological well-being., 1st ed.;. Erwin, J.M. Washington, DC : American Psychological Association ;; 1991. Through the looking glass: issues of psychological well-being in captive nonhuman primates / edited by Melinda A. Novak and Andrew J. Petto. p. 180-188; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Animal welfare; Environmental factors; Social environment; Cages 34 NAL Call. No.: SF406.L2 Are we ready for the future? Possibilities for laboratory animal science. Dayan, A.D. London : Royal Society of Medicine Services for Laboratory Animals; 1988. Laboratory Animal Science Association Silver Jubilee 1988 : collected papers to celebrate LASA's 25th anniversary / edited by J.H. Seamer. p. 36-42; 1988. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal experiments; Facilities; Research; Animal testing alternatives 35 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Aspergillus rhinitis in Wistar (Crl:(WI)BR) rats. Rehm, S.; Waalkes, M.P.; Ward, J.M. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1988 Apr. Laboratory animal science v. 38 (2): p. 162-166. ill; 1988 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Strains; Aspergillus fumigatus; Rhinitis; Histopathology Abstract: In two separate 24 month studies on the carcinogenic effect of single cadmium chloride injections in male Wistar (CR1:(WI)BR) rats, a total of 22% (129/597) of animals studied histologically were found to have chronic suppurative rhinitis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. The diagnosis was based on characteristic conidial heads present in the sections, and positive methenamine-Grocott (GMS) staining of septate hyphae with dichotomous branching at angles of 45 degrees. Fungal hyphae balls, surrounded by a wall of neutrophilic granulocytes, were found in areas of the naso- and maxilloturbinates and occasionally caused complete blockage of the nasal passages. The underlying tissue showed an inflammatory response. In sections from 32 of the 129 cases (25% of the cases), epithelial necrosis and hemorrhage were indicative of fungal tissue invasion, but without dissemination to other organs. The infection rate was unaffected by the cadmium treatment or the location of rats in different cages. Positive antibody titers to Sendai and sialodacryoadenitis viruses suggested that transient inflammation of the upper respiratory tract rendered the mucosa susceptible to the fungal infection. The infection appeared to be sustained by growth around foreign bodies (hairs and plant material). Although focal squamous cell metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium with hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis occurred more frequently in rats with Aspergillus rhinitis, the incidence of tumors of the nasal cavities was not affected. 36 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Assessing laboratory life for golden hamsters: social preference, caging selection, and human interaction. Arnold, C. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1994 Feb. Lab animal v. 23 (2): p. 34-37; 1994 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Golden hamsters; Social behavior; Cages; Floors; Man; Interactions; Handling 37 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Assessment of discomfort in gallstone-bearing mice: a practical example of the problems encountered in an attempt to recognize discomfort in laboratory animals. Beynen, A.C.; Baumans, V.; Bertens, A.P.M.G.; Havenaar, R.; Hesp, A.P.M.; Zutphen, L.F.M. van Essex : Laboratory Animal Science Association; 1987 Jan. Laboratory animals v. 21 (1): p. 35-42. ill; 1987 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Biliary calculi; Pain; Symptoms; Animal husbandry; Animal housing; Diets Abstract: In order to obtain practical experience on the recognition, assessment and evaluation of discomfort in laboratory animals, the degree of discomfort was studied in gallstone-free and gallstone-bearing mice. Out of nine parameters to which scores were assigned per individual mouse, only the response to palpation of the right hypochrondrium was found to score significantly higher in gallstone-bearing mice. That is, the incidence of squeaking and the magnitude of muscular contractions were significantly higher in these animals compared with the gallstone-free mice. The stance of the gallstone-bearing mice also tended to be abnormal, although the difference between gallstone-free and gallstone- bearing animals did not reach statistical significance. Although this study does not prove unequivocally that the induction of gallstones per se causes discomfort or pain in mice, we tentatively conclude that it does. We feel that this should be taken into account in any projected work in which gallstone induction in animals may occur. There was considerable between-assessor variation in the assignment of scores to the variables used to assess discomfort, including the response to palpation. It is concluded that the selection of parameters and the experience and/or attitude of the assessor are critically important when the magnitude of discomfort, if any, is assessed in experimental animals. 38 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Atherosclerosis in modified WHHL rabbits. Richards, T.; Horlock, H.; Gallagher, P. Sussex : The Institute of Animal Technology; 1986 Apr. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 37 (1): p. 1-6; 1986 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rabbit feeding; Diets; Atherosclerosis; Breeding programs; Hyperlipemia 39 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 An attempt to eradicate Herpesvirus simiae from a rhesus monkey breeding colony. Sauber, J.J.; Fanton, J.W.; Harvey, R.C.; Golden, J.G. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Oct. Laboratory animal science v. 42 (5): p. 458-462; 1992 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Macaca mulatta; Herpesviridae 40 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 The automated animal care facility. Miller, L. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1990 Sep. Lab animal v. 19 (6): p. 54-56; 1990 Sep. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal housing; Automation 41 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Automation of the animal care facility. Clark, B. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1993 Oct. Lab animal v. 22 (10): p. 27-32; 1993 Oct. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Information processing 42 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Avoiding undue cortisol responses to venipuncture in adult male rhesus macaques. Reinhardt, V.; Cowley, D.; Eisele, S.; Scheffler, J. Sussex : The Institute; 1991 Aug. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 42 (2): p. 83-86; 1991 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Macaca mulatta; Blood sampling; Stress; Hydrocortisone; Cages Abstract: Six single-caged adult male rhesus monkeys were venipunctured in their homecage and, on a different day, away from their cage in a restraint apparatus. The animals were habituated to both procedures and readily presented a leg for blood collection without being mechanically immobilized. The time required to draw a blood sample was less than 2 minutes for both procedures. Serum cortisol concentrations were equivalent in blood samples collected at 1200 h when the animals were in the restraint apparatus (average = 15.3 +/- 4.4 microgram dl) and when the animals were in their homecages (average = 15.7 +/- 2.4 microgram/dl; p > 0.1). Cortisol concentrations during a second venipuncture at 1215 h were significantly higher during blood collection in the restraint apparatus (average = 23.2 +/- 4.7 microgram/dl) than during blood collection in the homecage (average = 17.7 +/- 5.0 microgram/dl; p < 0.05). The magnitude of cortisol increase during the 15 minutes was significant (52%; p < 0.025) when the males were venipunctured in the restraint apparatus but not (13%; p > 0.1) when they were venipunctured in the homecage. It was concluded that venipuncture per se was not a physiologically distressing event for the males. It became distressing only when it was associated with a temporary removal from the homecage. In-homecage venipuncture is therefore recommended as an alternative to venipuncture in a restraint apparatus for those research protocols that require blood samples from undisturbed experimental monkeys. 43 NAL Call. No.: SF406.3.B4 Behavior and well-being of laboratory animals. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, [1986?]; 1986. 15 p. ; 28 cm. (American Association for Laboratory Animal Science monograph series ; 1). Presented at the 1986 Annual Meeting in Chicago, Illinois. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Housing; Congresses; Animal behavior; Congresses; Animal welfare; Congresses 44 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Behavioral and physiologic effects of inapparent wound infection in rats. Bradfield, J.F.; Schachtman, T.R.; McLaughlin, R.M.; Steffen, E.K. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Dec. Laboratory animal science v. 42 (6): p. 572-578; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Wounds; Latent infections Abstract: There is a common notion that rats are resistant to postoperative wound infection because many recover from surgery performed under nonsterile conditions. As a result, nonaseptic surgical techniques are used commonly in rat surgery. Our aim was to determine if these techniques cause wound infection and, if so, whether or not the infection, inapparent to casual observation, creates measurable changes in rat physiology and behavior. Rats subjected to craniotomies or laparotomies and inoculated with 10(8) Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa or sterile saline were tested for open-field activity, freezing behavior, home-cage behavior score, and wheel-running activity. Physiologic indices included lactate dehydrogenase, blood glucose, plasma fibrinogen, complete blood counts, wound bacterial counts and histology scores, body temperature, and body weight. Although no clinical signs were detected by postoperative observation, rats inoculated with bacteria were significantly less active in the open field and the duration of freezing behavior was shorter. Plasma fibrinogen, serum glucose, total white blood cell counts, and wound histology scores were significantly altered in the bacteria-inoculated rats. These findings underscore the need for sterile techniques in rat surgery to avoid confounding experimental data. 45 NAL Call. No.: QL55.N48 Behavioral enrichment for primates: what are the options?. Heath, S.J. Bethesda, Md. : The Center; 1987. Newsletter - Scientists Center for Animal Welfare v. 9 (1): p. 11-12. ill; 1987. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Institutions; Animal experiments; Facilities; Animal behavior; Television 46 NAL Call. No.: QL55.F43 1987 Behaviour, housing and welfare of non-human primates. Poole, T.B. Dordrecht : M. Nijhoff; 1988. New developments in biosciences : their implications for laboratory animal science : proceedings of the Third Symposium, Amsterdam, The Nethrlands, 1-5 June 1987 / edited by Anton C. Beyneen and Henk A. Solleveld. p. 231-237; 1988. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Animal behavior; Animal welfare; Animal housing; Cages; Laboratory rearing 47 NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6 The behaviour of group penned and individually caged laboratory rabbits. Podberscek, A.L.; Blackshaw, J.K.; Beattie, A.W. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1991 Jan. Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (4): p. 353-363; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rabbits; Group behavior; Pens; Cages; Animal behavior 48 NAL Call. No.: 470 SCI2 Billion dollar price tag for new animal rules. Holden, C. Washington, D.C. : American Association for the Advancement of Science; 1988 Nov04. Science v. 242 (4879): p. 662-663; 1988 Nov04. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Dogs; Primates; Facilities; Costs; Regulations; Law; Animal welfare; Exercise; Cages; Medical research 49 NAL Call. No.: QH432.E9 The biochemical control of quantitative traits. Bulfield, G. Oxford, UK : CAB; 1989. Evolution and animal breeding : reviews on molecular and quantitative approaches in honour of Alan Robertson / edited by William G. Hill and Trudy F.C. Mackay. p. 227-231; 1989. Language: English Descriptors: Animal breeding; Biochemistry; Molecular genetics; Quantitative traits; Chickens; Mice 50 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I55 1983 Birth of a hemophilic dog colony. Tinlin, S.J.; Brosseau, L.D.; Giles, A.R.; Greenwood, R.; Greenwood, P.; Hoogendoorn, H. Stuttgart, [W. Ger.] : G. Fisher Verlag; 1985. The Contribution of laboratory animal science to the welfare of man and animals--past, present and future : 8th Symposium of ICLAS/CALAS, Vancouver, 1983 / editors: J. Archibald, J. Pitchfield, H.C. Rowsell. p. 127-131. ill; 1985. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Dogs; Management; Breeding programs; Facilities; Hemophilia 51 NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.558 Breaking barriers produced by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals Washington, D.C. : PETA,; 1986. 1 videocassette (16 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. VHS format. A PETA video. Language: English Descriptors: Animals, Treatment of; Laboratory animals; Housing; Animal experimentation; Animal welfare 52 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 A breeding colony of cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus). Snowdon, C.T.; Savage, A.; McConnell, P.B. Joliet, Ill. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1985 Oct. Laboratory animal science v. 35 (5): p. 477-480; 1985 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Marmoset; Animal breeding methods; Animal housing; Handling; Callithricidae 53 NAL Call. No.: QL55.L28 Breeding, housing and care of laboratory animals. Solleveld, H.A.; McAnulty, P.; Ford, J.; Peters, P.W.J.; Tesh, J. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1986. Laboratory animals : laboratory animal models for domestic animal production / edited by E.J. Ruitenberg and P.W.J. Peters. p. 1-46. ill; 1986. (World animal science. C, Production-system approach ; 2.). Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal housing; Animal welfare; Animal breeding; Breeding programs; Germ free husbandry; Nutritional state; Cage rearing; Zoonoses 54 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Breeding of the gad-mdx mouse: influence of genetically induced denervation on dystrophic muscle fibers. Suh, J.G.; Yamazaki, A.; Tomita, T. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1994 Feb. Laboratory animal science v. 44 (1): p. 42-46; 1994 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Mutants; Animal breeding; Genes; Muscle fibers; Muscular dystrophy; Disease models; Animal proteins; Creatine kinase; Enzyme activity; Spinal cord 55 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Breeding of wild-caught rodent Cricetidae Holochilus brasiliensis under laboratory conditions. Mello, D.A. London : Laboratory Animal Science Association; 1986 Jul. Laboratory animals v. 20 (3): p. 195-196; 1986 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Brazil; Rodents; Animal breeding methods; Animal husbandry 56 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 The breeding of Xenopus laevis on a large scale in the laboratory. Davys, J.S. Sussex : The Institute of Animal Technology; 1986 Dec. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 37 (3): p. 217-223. ill; 1986 Dec. Language: English Descriptors: Toads; Animal breeding; Animal housing; Laboratory rearing 57 NAL Call. No.: QL737.P9C56 Breeding primates in zoos. King, N.E.; Mitchell, G. New York : A.R. Liss, 1986-; 1986. Comparative primate biology. v. 2, pt. B p. 219-261; 1986. Volume 2, Part B: Behavior, cognition, and motivation / edited by G. Mitchell and J. Erwin. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Animal breeding; Estrous cycle; Zoological gardens; Genera; Species 58 NAL Call. No.: RB125.C68 1985 Breeding program and population standards of the Gottingen miniature swine. Glodek, P. New York : Plenum Press; 1986. Swine in biomedical research / edited by M.E. Tumbleson. p. 23-37; 1986. Proceedings of a conference on Swine in Biomedical Research, June 17-20, 1985, Columbia, Missouri. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Boars; Sows; Animal breeding; Breeding programs; Pig breeds; Litter size 59 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 A built-in perch for primate squeeze cages. Watson, D.S.B. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Aug. Laboratory animal science v. 41 (4): p. 378-379; 1991 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Cages; Perches; Usage; Sex differences 60 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Bytes in the animal house. Fenn, C.; Howard, B.R. Sussex : The Institute; 1990 Dec. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 41 (3): p. 203-209; 1990 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory rearing; Computer software; Record keeping Abstract: The animal unit like any other production system, is subjected to external constraints. To avoid breeding animals surplus to requirements, to detect early changes in reproductive performance and to ensure financial equilibrium regular examination of many records is required. A computer programme has been developed to present, weekly, a series of performance figures which greatly assist the unit manager in achieving this surveillance. The programme is written for an inexpensive IBM compatible computer (Amstrad 1512). Basic is very widely understood and although slow, allows easy modification to suit changes in requirements or to interface with current recording practices. Animal technicians are urged to become more familiar with computers and to be prepared to use them as an aid to good husbandry. 61 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Cage design and configuration for an arboreal species of primate. Williams, L.E.; Abee, C.R.; Barnes, S.R.; Ricker, R.B. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1988 Jun. Laboratory animal science v. 38 (3): p. 289-291; 1988 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Species; Squirrel monkeys; Cage size; Design; Animal housing; Building materials Abstract: The squirrel monkey (genus Saimiri) is an arboreal primate from equatorial South America. This species forms large social groups that consist of multiple females and males of varying ages, from infant to adult. As the use of squirrel monkeys in research continues to grow, an understanding of optimal cage design and environment is essential. The University of South Alabama Primate Research Laboratory houses a breeding colony of 350 squirrel monkeys. Each group cage, measuring 4.5 x 2.5 x 1.5 meters, can contain up to 20 animals. A breeding group consists of one adult male, eight to ten females, and varying numbers of infant and juvenile animals. In order to determine the most suitable cage environment for the squirrel monkey, a series of studies were carried out to compare various perch materials and cage configurations. Squirrel monkeys preferred a poly-vinyl- chloride pipe perch (rigid) over rope perches (non-rigid). When provided with multiple levels of perches, all levels were used. Males tended to distribute their activities randomly at different levels. In a two tiered perch arrangement, females concentrated 67% of their social activity on the top tier. In a triple tier configuration, females concentrated 66% of their travel on the top tier. These results indicate that by creating a cage environment with multiple tiers of horizontal perches the effective cage space can be doubled or tripled. This provides an effective means of reducing population density without enlarging the dimensions of the cage or reducing social group size. 62 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Cage design and configuration for arboreal reptiles. Mason, R.T.; Hoyt, R.F. Jr; Pannell, L.K.; Wellner, E.F.; Demeter, B. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Jan. Laboratory animal science v. 41 (1): p. 84-86; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Reptiles; Cages; Design 63 NAL Call. No.: 448.8 J824 Cage design for the confinement of deer and goats infested with ectoparasites. Cooksey, L.M.; Davey, R.B. Lawrence, Kan. : American Society of Parasitologists; 1988 Oct. The Journal of parasitology v. 74 (5): p. 891-893. ill; 1988 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Goats; Odocoileus Virginianus; Cages; Design; Laboratory rearing; Ectoparasitoses; Boophilus annulatus 64 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Cage design reduces emotionality in mice. Chamove, A.S. London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1989 Jul. Laboratory animals v. 23 (3): p. 215-219; 1989 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Cages; Layout; Animal behavior; Animal welfare; Adrenal glands; Weight; Activity; Stress Abstract: To see if a more natural cage design would alter the reactivity of laboratory mice, 192 mice were reared in cages with (1) no dividers, (2) five vertical dividers, (3) nine vertical dividers, or (4) nine vertical dividers and one horizontal platform. The mice preferred the most complex cages, and on almost all measures they were less emotional when reared in the more complex cages. Results suggest that a more natural housing environment would lead to healthier animals. 65 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Cage enrichment for female New Zealand white rabbits. Brooks, D.L.; Huls, W.; Leamon, C.; Thomson, J.; Parker, J.; Twomey, S. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1993 May. Lab animal v. 22 (5): p. 30, 32-33, 36, 38; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rabbits; Cages; Enrichment 66 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 A cage for the ferret. Scharmann, W.; Wolff, D. Essex : Laboratory Animal Science Association; 1987 Jan. Laboratory animals v. 21 (1): p. 43-47. ill; 1987 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ferrets; Animal husbandry; Cages; Design; Handling Abstract: A cage for ferrets is described that consists of a plastic box with a metal sliding-grill top and metal front lattice. It contains a new feeding system using dishes that can be removed without opening the cage. The cages are kept in mobile racks and are commercially available. 67 NAL Call. No.: Z7996.P85C353 Cages, corrals & consequences, housing of monkeys in the lab colony a bibliography, 1976-1986.. Cages, corrals and consequences, housing the monkeys in the lab colony Caminiti, Benella University of Washington, Primate Information Center Seattle : Primate Information Center, Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington,; 1986. 19 p. ; 28 cm. Cover title. "Supported in part by Grant No. RR-00166 from the National Institutes of Health."--Cover. November 1986. Includes index. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Housing; Bibliography; Laboratory animals; Housing; Bibliography; Animal welfare 68 NAL Call. No.: Slide no.237 Caging systems, bedding materials, & environmental considerations for laboratory rodents [Stanley P. Liebenberg and Lynn Dahm] ; developed by Northwest Committee for Training in Laboratory Animal Care in collabtoration with H.S. Center for Educational Resources, University of Washington. Liebenberg, Stanley P.; Dahm, Lynn University of Washington, Northwest Committee for Training in Laboratory Animal Care, University of Washington, Health Sciences Center for Educational Resources Seattle, WA : Distributed by H.S. Center for Educational Resources, SB-56, University of Washington,; 1985. 53 slides : col. + 1 sound cassette (22 min., 12 sec. : 1 7/8 ips., mono.) + guide. (Training series in laboratory animal care ; LAC-8302). Sound accompaniment compatible for manual and automatic operation. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Housing; Laboratory animals; Ecology; Rodents as laboratory animals; Rodents; Housing; Animal welfare 69 NAL Call. No.: QL737.C22C36 Caging systems for dogs under the new standards of the animal welfare act. Britz, W.E. Jr Bethesda, MD : Scientists Center for Animal Welfare; 1990 Jan. Canine research environment / edited by Joy A. Mench and Lee Krulisch. p. 48-52; 1990 Jan. Paper presented at a conference held by the Scientists Center for Animal Welfare, June 22, 1989, Bethesda, Md. Question and answer session p. 51-52. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Dogs; Cages; Animal welfare; Legislation 70 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Calomys laucha (Rodentia, Cricetidae): growth and breeding in laboratory conditions. Hodara, V.L.; Espinosa, M.B.; Merani, M.S.; Quintans, C. London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1989 Oct. Laboratory animals v. 23 (4): p. 340-344; 1989 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Calomys; Laboratory animals; Animal husbandry; Growth; Animal breeding; Reproductive efficiency Abstract: The husbandry and breeding of Calomys laucha (Rodentia, Cricetidae) in captivity are described. Growth curves based on body weight and length showed statistical differences between sexes after 45 days, males being heavier than females. The overall reproductive efficiency was 53.4% but birth rate was depressed during winter. Gestation length was 21 +/- 1 days and females exhibited postpartum oestrus with a 3-7 day implantation delay (51%). Litter size was 5.3 +/- 1.1 (n = 34). Pup survival at weaning was 84.9%. Mean life span in laboratory conditions was 13.5 months and a cumulative mortality of 90% was reached at 27-28 months of age. 71 NAL Call. No.: QL55.U5 1987 The canary and other passerine cage birds., 6th ed. Keymer, I.F. London : Longman; 1987. The UFAW handbook on the care and management of laboratory animals / edited by Trevor B. Poole; editorial assistant, Ruth Robinson. p. 687-700; 1987. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Aviary birds; Canaries; Biology; Animal husbandry; Laboratory methods; Disease control 72 NAL Call. No.: QL737.P9C86 Captive breeding in a source country. Else, J.G. New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold; 1986. Current perspectives in primate biology / edited by David M. Taub and Frederick A. King. p. 79-85; 1986. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Kenya; Cercopithecidae; Breeding programs; Research institutes 73 NAL Call. No.: QL737.P9P6713 1984 Captive breeding of callitrichids: a comparison of reproduction and propagation in different species. Stevenson, M.F. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire] : Cambridge University Press; 1986. Primate ecology and conservation / edited by James G. Else, Phyllis C. Lee. p. 301-313; 1986. Paper presented at the "Proceedings of the Tenth Congress of the International Primatological Society," July 1984, Nairobi, Kenya. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Callithricidae; Animal breeding; Reproduction; Endangered species; Laboratory animals 74 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 The captive management of a breeding colony of Ryuku mice (Mus caroli). Castle, J.P.; Marshall, P.E. Sussex : The Institute; 1990 Dec. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 41 (3): p. 191-196; 1990 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: South asia; Mus; Wild strains; Laboratory rearing Abstract: Ryuku mice (Mus caroli) are a strain of wild mouse, which are indigenous throughout Southern Asia, including the Ryuku Islands from where their name originates. We were requested to set up and maintain a colony because they have different D.N.A. properties from the common laboratory mouse (Mus musculus). This enables a unique cell marking technique to be used, which in this instance is being applied to the study of tooth and gum development. 75 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I55 1983 Care and management of dogs with colostomies. Rogers, D.W.; Tenney, J.B.; Perry, F.W.; Caldwell, F.L. Stuttgart, [W. Ger.] : G. Fisher Verlag; 1985. The Contribution of laboratory animal science to the welfare of man and animals--past, present and future : 8th Symposium of ICLAS/CALAS, Vancouver, 1983 / editors: J. Archibald, J. Pitchfield, H.C. Rowsell. p. 421-433. ill; 1985. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Dogs; Colostomy; Management; Animal welfare; Treatment 76 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Care and management of new-born formula-fed cynomolgus monkeys for diarrhoea studies. Yap, K.L.; Awang, A. Sussex : The Institute; 1989 Apr. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 40 (1): p. 5-9; 1989 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Monkeys; Newborn animals; Laboratory rearing; Animal housing; Animal feeding; Feed formulation; Disease models; Diarrhea Abstract: This paper describes various aspects in the care and management of new-born formula-fed cynomolgus monkeys used for diarrhoea studies. Emphasis was placed on maintaining a healthy gastrointestinal tract. The procedures described in this report enabled infant monkeys to be reared in a healthy, diarrhoea-free state. 77 NAL Call. No.: SF406.C35 1992 The Care and use of amphibians, reptiles, and fish in research. Schaeffer, Dorcas O.; Kleinow, Kevin M.; Krulisch, Lee Scientists Center for Animal Welfare, Louisiana State University (Baton Rouge, La.), School of Veterinary Medicine Bethesda, Md. (4805 St. Elmo Ave., Bethesda 20814) : Scientists Center for Animal Welfare,; 1992. vii, 196 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. Proceedings from a SCAW/LSUSVM- sponsored conference ... held April 8-9, 1991 in New Orleans, Louisiana ... November 1992. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Amphibians as laboratory animals; Reptiles as laboratory animals; Fish as laboratory animals 78 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Care and welfare of pre-weaning beagle puppies in a commercial breeding colony. Goodfellow, K.G. Sussex : The Institute; 1992 Apr. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 43 (1): p. 49-55; 1992 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Puppies; Laboratory rearing; Animal welfare Abstract: Developments leading to improved puppy care and welfare are constantly being sought in the breeding colony. New ideas about environmental control, pen design, feeding regimes, husbandry and staff training have been introduced and evaluated. The success of each change cannot easily be proved as improvements in puppy health depend upon so many factors. However as a result of a complete care and welfare programme there have been fewer health problems and lower pre-weaning loss, in our colony. 79 NAL Call. No.: SF406.S64 The care, breeding and management of experimental animals for research in the tropics. Smith, John B.,; Mangkoewidjojo, Soesanto Canberra : International Development Program, of Australian Universities and College,; 1987. ix, 257 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. Bibliography: p. [243]-257. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Tropics; Laboratory animals; Tropics; Care and treatment; Laboratory animals; Breeding; Tropics; Animal welfare 80 NAL Call. No.: F591.J6 The care of captive animals: a historical perspective. Brewer, N.R. Manhattan, Kan. : The Journal; 1988 Jan. Journal of the West v. 27 (1): p. 52-60. ill; 1988 Jan. In the series analytic: Veterinary medicine in the West / edited by O.H.V. Stalheim. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Capture of animals; Zoo animals; History; Facilities; Biographies; Veterinary practice 81 NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.971 Carnivores basic needs, handling and care. Morgan, Ronald L. American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.),Production Plus, Inc Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors 1990 : Orlando, Fla. Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990. 1 videocassette (31 min., 37 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. VHS. Videotape of a presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors ; presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Dogs as laboratory animals; Cats as laboratory animals; Ferrets as laboratory animals; Minks as laboratory animals Abstract: The basic needs of dogs and cats including air, food, water, environmental controls and social interaction are presented. Available guidelines, regulations, resource information and training manuals are presented. Methods of disease prevention, identification, housing and exercise are discussed. The basic care and handling of farrets and mink is also covered. 82 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Causes and preventive measures of pre-weaning deaths in a New Zealand White rabbit breeding colony. Barry, M.P. Sussex : The Institute; 1994 Aug. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technicians v. 45 (2): p. 111-117; 1994 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rabbits; Neonatal mortality; Preweaning period; Etiology; Prevention; Laboratory rearing; Cages; Design 83 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 The cellular and molecular pathogenesis of coronaviruses. Compton, S.R.; Barthold, S.W.; Smith, A.L. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1993 Feb. Laboratory animal science v. 43 (1): p. 15-28; 1993 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Coronavirus; Pathogenesis Abstract: Coronaviruses cause a wide spectrum of diseases in humans and animals but generally fall into two classes, with respiratory or enteric tropisms. Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and rat coronaviruses are the virus most frequently encountered in the laboratory animal setting. This review focuses primarily on the cellular and molecular aspects of MHV pathogenesis. The high mutation and recombination rates of coronaviruses lead to a diverse, ever-changing population of MHV stains. The spike (S) protein is the most variable coronavirus protein and is responsible for binding to cell surface receptors, inducing cell fusion and humoral and cellular immunity. Differences within the S protein of different MHV strains have been linked to their variable tropisms. Since immunity to MHV is strain-specific, seropositive mice can be reinfected with different strains of MHV. Natural infections with MHV are acute, with persistence occurring at the population level, not within an individual mouse, unless it is immunocompromised. Age, genotype, immunologic status of the mouse, and MHV strain influence the type and severity of disease caused by MHV. Interference with research by MHV has been reported primarily in the fields of immunology and tumor biology and may be a reflection of MHV's capacity to grow in several types of immune cells. While many methods are available to diagnose coronavirus infection. serologic tests, primarily ELISA and IFA, are the most commonly used. MHV is best managed on a preventive basis. Elimination of MHV from a population requires cessation of breeding and halting the introduction of naive mice into the population. 84 NAL Call. No.: QL55.F43 1987 Centralisation--decentralisation: failure-success. Hoof, J.A.P. van Dordrecht : M. Nijhoff; 1988. New developments in biosciences : their implications for laboratory animal science : proceedings of the Third Symposium, Amsterdam, The Nethrlands, 1-5 June 1987 / edited by Anton C. Beyneen and Henk A. Solleveld. p. 75-80; 1988. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Management; Technicians; Work organization; Values 85 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Challenging conventional wisdom for housing monkeys. Crockett, C.M.; Bowden, D.M. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1994 Feb. Lab animal v. 23 (2): p. 29-33; 1994 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Monkeys; Animal housing; Animal welfare; Cage size; Social interaction; Environment; Enrichment 86 NAL Call. No.: 470 SCI2 Chimps and research. King, F.A. Washington, D.C. : American Association for the Advancement of Science; 1988 Dec02. Science v. 242 (4883): p. 1227; 1988 Dec02. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Chimpanzee; Medical research; Fetus; Tissues; Endangered species; Regulations; Breeding programs 87 NAL Call. No.: 500 AM322A Chimps in research--responding to a growing nationwide shortage, federal agencies are developing a controversial plan to manage chimpanzees. Fox, J.L. Arlington, Va. : The Institute; 1985 Feb. BioScience - American Institute of Biological Sciences v. 35 (2): p. 75-76; 1985 Feb. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Laboratory animals; Chimpanzee; Animal husbandry; Animal breeding 88 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Choices in facility computerization. Hardesty, J. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1994 Jul. Lab animal v. 23 (7): p. 33-36; 1994 Jul. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Management; Computer software; Computer hardware 89 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Chronic spinal cord-injured cats: surgical procedures and management. Roy, R.R.; Hodgson, J.A.; Lauretz, S.D.; Pierotti, D.J.; Gayek, R.J.; Edgerton, V.R. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Aug. Laboratory animal science v. 42 (4): p. 335-343; 1992 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Cats; Animal models; Spine; Trauma 90 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Clinical management of spontaneous diabetes mellitus in the BB rat. Olson, G.A.; Toth, L.; Hinson, A.; Bursi, J. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1990 Mar. Lab animal v. 19 (2): p. 31-34; 1990 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Diabetes mellitus; Laboratory rearing; Drug therapy; Medical treatment; Insulin 91 NAL Call. No.: QL737.P9H78 A closed colony of squirrel monkeys for laboratory studies. Salzen, E.A. Park Ridge, N.J. : Noyes Publications; 1989. Housing, care and psychological well-being of captive and laboratory primates / edited by Evalyn F. Segal. p. 115-134. ill; 1989. Language: English Descriptors: Squirrel monkeys; Laboratory rearing; Animal housing; Cages; Handling; Exercise; Animal feeding; Animal breeding; Animal behavior 92 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 A closed ileal loop technique for microbiological testing in piglets. Thornbury, J.; Carolan, B.; Frogley, J.; Sibbons, P.; Hardy, S. Sussex : The Institute; 1990 Aug. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 41 (2): p. 71-80. ill; 1990 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Piglets; Ileum; Anastomosis; Enterotoxins; Testing; Animal models Abstract: The complete technical procedure for the formation of closed ileal loops is described for enterotoxicity testing in the piglet. This procedure includesa primary end-to-end anastamosis of the remaining non-looped bowel to provide best physiological parameters as possible conditions of test and to facilitate longterm survival. Closed ileal loop formation with primary anastamosis of theremaining bowel to provide gut continuity is a feasible procedure for short and longterm enterotoxicity testing in the piglet. 93 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Clostridium difficile typhlitis associated with cecal mucosal hyperplasia in Syrian hamsters. Ryden, E.B.; Lipman, N.S.; Taylor, N.S.; Rose, R.; Fox, J.G. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Dec. Laboratory animal science v. 41 (6): p. 553-558; 1991 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Hamsters; Clostridium difficile; Bacterial toxins; Typhlitis; Mortality; Diarrhea; Cecum; Histopathology Abstract: A sudden increase in mortality occurred in a closed breeding colony of Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). The colony consisted of approximately 40 hamsters, 8 of which were affected. Four adult males died suddenly. One pregnant female and one weanling died after having been observed as depressed for 1 day and 2 weeks respectively. One weanling and one adult male were euthanized. All affected hamsters had signs of diarrhea. At necropsy, hemorrhagic fluid-filled ceca were noted in five of eight animals. Clostridium difficile cytotoxin B was present in high titers [10-3 to 10-8] in cecal contents of six of six animals tested, whereas C. difficile culture yielded positive results in only one of six animals. Histopathologically, findings consistent with Clostridium- induced typhlitis including necrosis, epithelial denudation, vascular congestion, and hemorrhage were present in six of six ceca evaluated. In addition, signs of a more chronic disease process included cecal mucosal hyperplasia in five of six hamsters. A silver stain of cecal hyperplastic mucosa for intracellular organisms including Campylobacter-like organisms was negative in all affected hamsters. Antibiotics had not been administrated to any hamster in this colony, nor had the affected animals been experimentally manipulated. Testing for antibiotic residues in the feed was negative, and C. difficile was not isolated from feed, water, or feces of unaffected hamsters. Thus C. difficile-induced typhlitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of deaths in hamsters which have no clinical histories of prior antibiotic administration or experimental manipulation. The diagnosis can be confirmed by the presence of C. difficile cytotoxin. The relationship of cecal mucosal hyperplasia and proliferation of toxigenic C. difficile requires further study. 94 NAL Call. No.: SF406.3.C58 Code of practice for the housing and care of animals used in scientific procedures. London : H.M.S.O.,; 1989. v, 33 p. ; 30 cm. Presented pursuant to Act Eliz. II 1986 C.14 Section 21 (Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986). Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-32). Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Housing; Law and legislation; Great Britain; Animal welfare; Law and legislation; Great Britain; Laboratory animals; Law and legislation; Great Britain 95 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Combined simian hemorrhagic fever and Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys. Dalgard, D.W.; Hardy, R.J.; Pearson, S.L.; Pucak, G.J.; Quander, R.V.; Zack, P.M.; Peters, C.J.; Jahrling, P.B. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Apr. Laboratory animal science v. 42 (2): p. 152-157; 1992 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Virginia; Macaca fascicularis; Ebola virus; Viruses; Mixed infections; Symptoms; Outbreaks; Public health; Case reports Abstract: Simian hemorrhagic fever (SHF) virus and a new strain of Ebola virus were isolated concurrently in recently imported cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) being maintained in a quarantine facility. Ebola virus had never been isolated in the U.S. previously and was presumed to be highly pathogenic for humans. A chronology of events including measures taken to address the public health concerns is presented. The clinicopathologic features of the disease were abrupt anorexia, splenomegaly, marked elevations of lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, with less prominent elevations of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and other serum chemistry parameters. Histologically, fibrin deposition, hemorrhage, and necrosis of lymphoid cells and reticular mononuclear phagocytes were present in the spleens of SHF and of Ebola virus-infected animals. Intravascular fibrin thrombi and hemorrhage were also present in the renal medulla and multifocally in the gastrointestinal tract. Necrosis of lymphoid and epithelial cells was occasionally noted in the gastrointestinal tract. The histopathologic findings considered specific for Ebola virus infection include hepatocellular necrosis, necrosis of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex, and interstitial pneumonia, all of which were generally associated with the presence of 1 to 4 micro intracytoplasmic amphophilic inclusion bodies. The disease spread within rooms despite discontinuation of afl direct contact with animals, and droplet or aerosol transmission was suspected. Antibody to Ebola virus developed in animal handlers but no clinical disease was noted, suggesting a less virulent strain of virus. SHF is recognized as a fulminating fatal pathogen for monkeys and previous experimental Ebola infections in monkeys resulted in rapid death. The disease noted in this outbreak progressed slowly within a room and spread was measured in weeks rather than days. When an animal expressed clinical si 96 NAL Call. No.: RB125.C68 1985 Commercial pig pen modifications for housing miniature swine during chronic studies. Semple, H.A.; Berzins, R.; Coutts, R.T.; Secord, D.C.; Tam, Y.K. New York : Plenum Press; 1986. Swine in biomedical research / edited by M.E. Tumbleson. p. 153-157. ill; 1986. Proceedings of a conference on Swine in Biomedical Research, June 17-20, 1985, Columbia, Missouri. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pigs; Pig housing; Modifications; Design 97 NAL Call. No.: SF601.C64 Common diseases and medical management of rodents and lagomorphs. Collins, B.R. New York, N.Y. : Churchill Livingstone; 1988. Contemporary issues in small animal practice v. 9: p. 261-316; 1988. In the series analytic: Exotic animals / edited by E.R. Jacobson and G.V. Kollias Jr. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rodents; Lagomorpha; Antibiotics; Anesthetics; Neoplasms; Parasitism; Metabolic diseases; Infectious diseases; Treatment 98 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Comparison of feeding methods for behavioural experiments with rats. Davies, K.; Hynard-Naylor, V. Sussex : The Institute of Animal Technology; 1986 Apr. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 37 (1): p. 45-49; 1986 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rat feeding; Animal behavior; Animal housing; Age; Body weight; Starvation 99 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Comparison of gavage, water bottle, and a high-moisture diet bolus as dosing methods for quantitative D-xylose administration to B6D2F1 (Mus musculus) mice. Zimmer, J.P.; Lewis, S.M.; Moyer, J.L. London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1993 Apr. Laboratory animals v. 27 (2): p. 164-170; 1993 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Drug delivery systems Abstract: Gavage, water bottle, and diet incorporation are 3 dosing methods used orally to administer test compounds to rodents. These 3 methods were compared in mice to determine which represented the most quantitative delivery system. For dietary incorporation, a high-moisture bolus form of NIH-31 rodent meal was developed using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as an autoclave-stable binding agent. A high-moisture bolus was selected to increase the acceptability of the dosed diet and to promote quantitative consumption through reduced wastage. The test compound used was D-xylose, a pentose sugar that may be quantitatively detected, colorimetrically, in urine following oral dosing. Six male and 6 female B6D2F1 mice were placed in metabolism cages and dosed with a known quantity of D-xylose by each of the 3 methods. Urine was collected before and after each method of administration and analysed for total D-xylose; the per cent recovery was based upon the amount of D-xylose consumed. Quantitative consumption was apparently greatest for water bottle dosing with an average recovery of 56.0% of the original D-xylose dose. High- moisture bolus incorporation ranked second with 56.0% D-xylose recovery, and gavage was third with 41.0% D-xylose recover. 100 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 A comparison of rodent caging systems based on microenviromental parameters. Corning, B.F.; Lipman, N.S. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Oct. Laboratory animal science v. 41 (5): p. 498-503; 1991 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Cages; Environmental temperature; Carbon dioxide; Relative humidity; Ammonia Abstract: Four different mouse caging systems were evaluated for microenvironmental temperature, carbon dioxide, relative humidity (RH) and ammonia levels during a 7-day testing period. All caging systems evaluated had polycarbonate bases and consisted of either a molded polyester (MP) filter lid, one of two different polycarbonate filter lids, or no filter lid which served as a control. At 50% macroenvironmental RH (study I), all systems maintained an intracage temperature of 75.5 degrees F +/- 0.5 degrees. Both polycarbonate systems averaged > 2200 ppm of carbon dioxide more than the MP system and the controls. When compared with RH in the control cages, RH levels averaged over 20% and 5 to 8% RH greater in the polycarbonate filter lid systems and the MP system, respectively. There were no appreciable ammonia levels in either the MP or control systems. In the polycarbonate filter lid systems, ammonia levels were detectable on day 4 and were > 200 ppm by day 6. At 20% macroenvironmental RH (study II), there was a proportional 15 to 30% RH decrease from study I levels. Ammonia levels were undetectable in any system until day 7 and averaged only 17 ppm in one of the polycarbonate systems. Minimal differences were observed in studies III, IV and V when pine shavings were used instead of hardwood chips, a CD-1 stock instead of a DBA/2J strain, and different grades of filter inserts in the polycarbonate systems, respectively. 101 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A Comparison of several combinations for anesthesia in rabbits. Hobbs, B.A.; Rolhall, T.G.; Sprenkel, T.L.; Anthony, K.L. Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1991 May. American journal of veterinary research v. 52 (5): p. 669-674; 1991 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rabbits; Anesthesia; Drug combinations; Injectable anesthetics; Heart rate; Respiration rate; Body temperature; Reflexes; Safety Abstract: Few safe and effective anesthesia regimens have been described for use in rabbits, partially because of the susceptibility of this species to sometimes fatal respiratory depression. Although inhalant anesthetics are generally safer than injectable anesthetics, their use may be limited by lack of equipment or facilities. This study was conducted to compare effects of several injectable anesthetics in rabbits on response to noxious stimuli, heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature. Six injectable anesthetic combinations were administered to rabbits: xylazine-ethyl-(l-methyl-propyl) malonyl-thio-urea salt (EMTU), ketamine-EMTU, xylazine-pentobarbital, xylazine- acepromazine-ketamine (XAK), ketamine-chloral hydrate, and ketamine-xylazine. All combinations induced a depression of respiratory rate. Although rectal temperature values were reduced to some degree in each group, the most profound hypothermia was induced by XAK. The combination that induced the longest duration of anesthesia was XAK. It was concluded that XAK was preferable for longer periods of anesthesia (60 to 120 minutes), although it induces severe hypothermia. For short periods of anesthesia, xylazine-pentobarbital, xylazine- EMTU, or ketamine-xylazine were deemed adequate; however, xylazine-EMTU induced the best survivability and consistency. 102 NAL Call. No.: S494.5.D3I5 1990 A computer-based hierarchical controlsystem for modern livestock buildings. Berckmans, D.; Vranken, E.; Goedseels, V. Gainesville, FL : Florida Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida; 1990. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Computers in Agricultural Extension Programs / Fedro S. Zazueta, editor. ; January 31-February 1, 1990, Grosvenor Resort Hotel, Disney World Village, Lake Buenavista, FL. p. 417-422. ill; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Animal housing; Climate; Computers 103 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Computerisation of the animal house. Bancroft, L.S. Sussex : The Institute of Animal Technology; 1985 Nov. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 36 (2): p. 191-198; 1985 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: United Kingdom; Laboratory animals; Animal housing; Microcomputers; Operational control; File management 104 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Computerized ordering of experimental animals and test authorization. Maerki, U.; Walther, A.; Rossbach, W. London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1990 Jan. Laboratory animals v. 24 (1): p. 25-31; 1990 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Switzerland; Laboratory animals; Authority; Acquisition; Computer techniques; Computer software; Animal experiments Abstract: The authorization procedure required by law in Switzerland and the internal set-up at Roche for acquiring experimental animals has made a computerized system for monitoring authorizations and animal deliveries essential. The INQUIRE software program, which can be run on the central computer, was used to set-up databases with information on all personnel who place orders and perform experiments (PERI), authorization matters (BEWI), orders (ORDR), deliveries (SPED), animal species (SPEC), animal strains (STRE), populations (POPU) and the management of various data (BARA). The authorizations database (BEWI) permits sequential searches on specific questions. The animals ordered in the ORDR database are constantly updated in BEWI, thus ensuring that the authorized animal quotas are not exceeded. Expiry of an authorization or an unregistered experimenter will come to light in the course of the plausibility study. Through ORDR the experimenter has a good overview of the animals that he has ordered or have been ordered for him, and he can select the most appropriate strain or population for his studies in STRE or POPU, which contain data on the genetic and physiological characteristics as well as the breeding and keeping of all sublines and stocks. Realization of the IFIS project has made it a simple matter to keep a check on the legal requirements pertaining to animal experimentation and to update the information and evaluate the entire stock of data at any time. 105 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Computers in the animal facility. Lofgreen, P.E. Jr New York : Media Horizons; 1987 Sep. Lab animal v. 16 (6): p. 59-63; 1987 Sep. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Facilities; Computer applications; Computer software 106 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Conditioning and breeding facilities for the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) in the Philippines: a progress report on the SICONBREC project. Hobbs, K.R.; Welshman, M.D.; Nazareno, J.B.; Resuello, R.G. Essex : Laboratory Animal Science Association; 1987 Apr. Laboratory animals v. 21 (2): p. 131-137; 1987 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Philippines; Animal husbandry; Macaca; Animal breeding; Projects; Facilities 107 NAL Call. No.: HV4761.A5 Conference report on the improved standards for Laboratory Animals Act. Washington, D.C. : The Institute; 1985-1986. The Animal Welfare Institute quarterly v. 4, i.e. 34 (2): p. 8-9; 1985-1986. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Laboratory animals; Standards; Improvement; Legislation; Facilities; Animal welfare 108 NAL Call. No.: QL737.P9C865 Conflict, affiliation, mating, and the effects of spatial confinement in a captive group of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Perloe, S.I. New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold; 1986. Current perspectives in primate social dynamics / edited by David M. Taub and Frederick A. King. p. 89-98; 1986. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Squirrel monkeys; Saimiri; Social interaction; Mating; Cage size 109 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Control of laboratory acquired hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Japan. Kawamata, J.; Yamanouchi, T.; Dohmae, K.; Miyamoto, H.; Takahaski, M.; Yamanishi, K.; Kurata, T.; Lee, H.W. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1987 Aug. Laboratory animal science v. 37 (4): p. 431-436; 1987 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Japan; Laboratory animals; Facilities; Viral diseases; Antibody titer; Disease control; Zoonoses 110 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Convulsions in senescence-accelerated mice (SAM-R/1/Eis). Yamazaki, K.; Kumazawa, A.; Ito, K.; Kurihara, K.; Nakayama, M.; Wakabayashi, T. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Aug. Laboratory animal science v. 42 (4): p. 378-381; 1992 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Animal models; Convulsions; Aging Abstract: Senescence-accelerated mice (SAM) are one of the animal models used for studying senescence, which consist of several substrains such as SAM-R/1, R/2, P/1, P/2. SAM-R/1/Eis maintained in Eisai Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Ibaraki, Japan, was originally introduced as a substrain of a normal control SAM-R/1 from Kyoto University, Japan. We have noted signs of convulsions in SAM-R/1/Eis mice during routine animal care, particularly while changing cages. We identified the clinical signs and determined the concentrations of glucose and immunoreactive insulin in plasma of SAM-R/1/Eis mice. There were no differences in the male:female ratios of mice showing prodrome only, grand mal, or no-signs. The ages at which prodrome and grand mal were first noted peaked between 20 and 25 weeks. Concentrations of glucose and immunoreactive insulin in plasma did not indicate the mice were in insulin hypoglycemia, which is one cause of convulsions. AKR strain mice, some of which originated with the SAM strain are known to become convulsive by repeated "throwing" stimulations. Conversely, in SAM-R/1/Eis, throwing stimuli are not needed to cause convulsive signs. Thus it is likely that in SAM-R/1/Eis mice the signs are triggered by repeating mild environmental changes, such as changing cages. The results of this study show that SAM-R/1/Eis is neither a normal control strain, nor an original SAM-R/1 strain. But it is possible that SAM- R/1/Eis is another useful animal model for studying spontaneous convulsion. 111 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Corneal dystrophy in Fisher 344 rats. Losco, P.E.; Troup, C.M. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1988 Dec. Laboratory animal science v. 38 (6): p. 702-710. ill; 1988 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Strains; Cornea; Eye diseases; Histopathology Abstract: A spontaneous degenerative lesion of the cornea resembling calcific band keratopathy in man has been observed in 10-15% of the F-344 rats (aged 35-300 days) purchased from a private vendor's closed breeding colony. The lesion appears clinically as punctate to linear superficial corneal opacities located in the interpalpebral fissure of one or both eyes. Occasional roughening, bleb formation, or pitting of the corneal surface resembling superficial ulcers may be observed. The lesion occurs in both sexes. It is rarely associated with inflammation or irritation. Histologically, it consists of mineral deposits along the epithelial basement membrane and Bowman's space, some of which are large enough to disrupt or destroy portions of the basilar epithelium. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis of the deposits proved them to be composed of calcium and phosphorus. Electron microscopic examination revealed a variety of extracellular laminated and crystalline arrays similar to those seen in humans with band keratopathy. The etiology of the lesion is as yet undetermined. A genetic- associated susceptibility due to hypercalcemia may be involved. 112 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I55 1983 Cost effective practical gnotobiotics at the cage level. Sedlacek, R.S.; Suit, H.D.; Rose, E.F. Stuttgart, [W. Ger.] : G. Fisher Verlag; 1985. The Contribution of laboratory animal science to the welfare of man and animals--past, present and future : 8th Symposium of ICLAS/CALAS, Vancouver, 1983 / editors: J. Archibald, J. Pitchfield, H.C. Rowsell. p. 261-266. ill; 1985. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Cages; Gnotobiotic animals; Microbial flora 113 NAL Call. No.: 410 B77 Courtship ultrasonic vocalizations and social status in mice. D'Amato, F.R. London : Academic Press; 1991 May. Animal behaviour v. 41 (pt.5): p. 875-885; 1991 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Vocalization; Mating behavior; Social status; Reproductive performance; Inhibition; Urine; Biological competition Abstract: A series of experiments was conducted to investigate whether the poorer sexual performance of subordinate than dominant male mice, Mus domesticus, was linked to lower sexual motivation. Ultrasonic calls uttered by a male in the presence of a female were used as an index of sexual interest. Males were housed in pairs for 5 days and dominant/subordinate roles were assigned. Subordinates, when tested in their home cage immediately after the removal of the dominant male, uttered more ultrasounds than the latter. When the dominant males was tested before the subordinate, there was no difference in the number of ultrasounds uttered and the subordinates' performance was consistently poorer. The fewer calls recored when subordinate males were tested after the dominant partner was not associated with less defence/escape behaviour, nor could it be explained as habituation to female odour, as a consequence of being tested after the dominant partner. Within sexually experienced pairs, the urine of dominant males in interacting with a female for 3 min reduced the number of ultrasounds uttered by the subordinate in the presence of a female. It is suggested that an inhibitory factor in the dominant male's urine functions as an indirect competitive mechanism when direct competition is prevented by removing the dominant subject. 114 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 R3224 CRITTER: A database for managing research animals. Lees, V.W.; Lukey, C.; Orr, R. Ottawa : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association; 1993 Jan. The Canadian veterinary journal v. 34 (1): p. 28-32; 1993 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Management; Computer software 115 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 A cross sectional survey for B virus antibody in a colony of group housed rhesus macaques. Weigler, B.J.; Roberts, J.A.; Hird, D.W.; Lerche, N.W.; Hilliard, J.K. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1990 May. Laboratory animal science v. 40 (3): p. 257-261; 1990 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: California; Macaca mulatta; Herpesviridae; Age differences; Disease prevalence; Serological surveys; Sex differences; Social dominance Abstract: A systematic sampling technique was used in combination with a highly sensitive and specific ELISA to provide unbiased age-specific prevalence estimates of B virus antibody in rhesus monkeys housed in three different outdoor breeding corrals. Among 146 sampled monkeys, 97% of animals 2.5 years and older were seropositive, while only 22% of younger animals were seropositive. Neither gender nor social dominance ranking were predictive of B virus antibody status. The strong age association was not inconsistent with hypothesized veneral transmission of B virus. Improvements in the epidemiologic understanding of B virus are necessary to assist efforts to eradicate this agent from breeding colonies of rhesus monkeys. 116 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Cryptosporidiosis in ferrets. Rehg, J.E.; Gigliotti, F.; Stokes, D.C. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1988 Apr. Laboratory animal science v. 38 (2): p. 155-158. ill; 1988 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ferrets; Facilities; Cryptosporidium; Protozoal infections; Histopathology Abstract: The diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis in two ferrets who died from unrelated causes prompted a survey to determine the prevalence and incidence of the infection in ferrets at our facility. The survey of the existing ferret population and all new arrivals indicated cryptosporidiosis occurred as a subclinical disease a high percentage of young ferrets: 40% of the ferret population and 38 to 100% of the new arrivals had cryptosporidial oocysts in their feces. The infection was found to persist for several weeks in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed ferrets. The interspecies transmission of Cryptosporidium implies that infected ferrets should be considered a potential source of infection for the general population. 117 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Cubicles--a rational approach to specialised laboratory animal housing. Kuntz, M.J. Sussex : The Institute; 1989 Dec. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 40 (3): p. 203-211; 1989 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal housing 118 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Cysticercus fasciolaris infection in a breeding colony of mice. Davis, J.A.; Donkaewbua, S.; Wagner, J.E.; White, R.G. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1989 May. Laboratory animal science v. 39 (3): p. 250-252. ill; 1989 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Cysticercus; Infection; Cysts; Disease transmission; Disease control 119 NAL Call. No.: Z7994.L3A5 Cytotoxic and enzyme-inducing effects of rodent diets and cage bedding materials: evaluation by a cell culture study. Torronen, R.; Pelkonen, K.; Karenlampi, S. Nottingham : Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments; 1990 Mar. Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA v. 17 (3): p. 182-187; 1990 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Feeds; Animal housing; Cytotoxicity; Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase; Cell culture 120 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Decontamination of rat embryos and transfer to specific pathogen-free recipients for the production of a breeding colony. Rouleau, A.M.J.; Kovacs, P.R.; Kunz, H.W.; Armstrong, D.T. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1993 Dec. Laboratory animal science v. 43 (6): p. 611-615; 1993 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Germfree state; Germfree animals; Decontamination; Embryos; Superovulation; Embryo transfer; Trypsin Abstract: When animals are introduced to a specific pathogen- free (SPF) facility, care must be taken to avoid the possibility of disease transmission to the local colony. This study investigated the application of a combination of reproductive biotechnologies to establish a new disease-free colony of two rat strains, DarkAgouti(Da/Pit) and Wistar Furth(WF/Pit), from a stock known to be chronically infected with the following pathogens: Mycoplasma pulmonis, Kilham's rat virus, sialodacryoadenitis/coronavirus, and reovirus type 3. To eliminate the pathogens and optimize the use of animals, superovulation, embryo washing and trypsinization, and embryo transfer were used. Donors (DA/Pit and WF/Pit) were treated as follows: the mature females were synchronized by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection with 40 micrograms luteinizing hormone- releasing hormone agonist/animal on day 4. All immature and mature females were induced to superovulate by continuous s.c. infusion with a commercial porcine follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) preparation (3.4 or 6.8 mg NIH-FSH-P1 units per day, respectively), beginning on the morning of day-2. On the afternoon of day 0, the animals received 30 IU human chorionic gonadotropin injected intraperitoneally and mated. From a total of 213 ova flushed from the oviducts of 16 programmed donors, 195 transferrable two-cell embryos were recovered. Two outbred strains of SPF rats, Long-Evans (LE) and Wistar (W), were used as recipients. These mature females (LE and W) were synchronized by using luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist as described and made pseudopregnant by cervical stimulation. Two-cell embryos (DA/Pit and WF/Pit) were washed and trypsinized, then transferred to the oviducts of the pseudopregnant recipients (LE and W). From a total of 195 embryos transferred, 57 pups were born (29.2% of embryos transferred.) All offspring tested negative for the viruses infecting the donors as long as they were kept under strict quarantine. The combination of those three techniques provides an efficient alternative to the traditional derivation by caesarean section. 121 NAL Call. No.: QP82.2.S8A55 Definition of laboratory animal environmental conditions. Besch, E.L. Bethesda, Md. : American Physiological Society; 1985. Animal stress / editor, Gary P. Moberg. p. 297-315; 1985. Paper presented at a symposium, July 1983, sponsored by the College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences at the University of California, Davis. Includes 114 references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Environmental factors; Housing temperature and humidity; Ventilation; Lighting; Adaptation 122 NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6 Description and validation of a preference test system to evaluate housing conditions for laboratory mice. Blom, H.J.M.; Vorstenbosch, C.J.A.H.V. van; Baumans, V.; Hoogervorst, M.J.C.; Beynen, A.C.; Zutphen, L.F.M. van Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Oct. Applied animal behaviour science v. 35 (1): p. 67-82; 1992 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Animal housing 123 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Design considerations for research animal facilities. Cooper, E.C. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1989 Sep. Lab animal v. 18 (6): p. 23-26. ill; 1989 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal housing 124 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32P Design of rooms for housing laboratory animals. Witz, R.L.; Sauvageau, G.; Johnson, T. St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1989. Paper - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (89-4532): 9 p.; 1989. Paper presented at the 1989 International Winter Meeting, December 12-15, 1989, New Orleans, Louisiana. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Animal housing; Laboratories; Design; Environmental control 125 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Developing effective social and environment enrichment strategies for macaques in captive groups. O'Neill, P. New York : Media Horizons; 1988 May. Lab animal v. 17 (4): p. 23-24, 27-28, 31-34, 36. ill; 1988 May. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Macaca; Environment; Social emotional development; Animal housing; Facilities; Rearing techniques; Group behavior; Activity 126 NAL Call. No.: QL55.F43 1987 Developing housing facilities for rhesus monkeys: prevention of abnormal behaviour. Goosen, C. Dordrecht : M. Nijhoff; 1988. New developments in biosciences : their implications for laboratory animal science : proceedings of the Third Symposium, Amsterdam, The Nethrlands, 1-5 June 1987 / edited by Anton C. Beyneen and Henk A. Solleveld. p. 67-70; 1988. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rhesus monkeys; Animal housing; Cages; Facilities; Animal behavior; Abnormal behavior; Behavior change 127 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Development of a semi-inbred line of Landrace pigs. I. Breeding performance and immunogenetic characteristics. Hradecky, J.; Hruban, V.; Hojny, J.; Pazdera, J.; Stanek, R. Essex : Laboratory Animal Science Association; 1985 Oct. Laboratory animals v. 19 (4): p. 279-283; 1985 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pigs; Landrace; Inbred lines; Immunogenetics; Breeding efficiency 128 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1I43 Development of fatty and corpulent rat strains. Greenhouse, D.D.; Hansen, C.T.; Michaelis, O.E. Washington, D.C. : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council; 1990. I.L.A.R. news v. 32 (3): p. 2-4; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Mutations; Animal breeding; Nomenclature 129 NAL Call. No.: 410 IN84 The development of laboratory animal management and the state of the art in Kenya. Suleman, M.A. Oslo, Norway : The International Council for Laboratory Animal Science; 1990. ICLAS bulletin (66): p. 26-28; 1990. Language: English Descriptors: Kenya; Laboratory animals; Animal husbandry 130 NAL Call. No.: Z7994.L3A5 Development of potential alternatives to the draize eye test: the CTFA evaluation of alternatives program. Gettings, S.D.; McEwen, G.N. Jr Nottingham : Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments; 1990 Jun. Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA v. 17 (4): p. 317-324; 1990 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Animal testing alternatives; Evaluation; Organizations Abstract: The CTFA Evaluation of Alternatives Program is a multi-year effort organised by a scientific advisory committee (the CTFA Animal Welfare Task Force), and is designed to evaluate (in Phase I) approximately twenty-five potential alternative methods to the Draize eye irritancy test. Coordination, management of logistics, collection and statistical analysis of data, are being conducted by the Columbus Division of the Battelle Memorial Institute. The US Food and Drug Administration has been aware of the Program since its inception. The intention of the Program is to provide industry with information on the performance of a series of potential alternatives to the Draize test, so as to aid individual companies to identify those methods which seem best suited to their own particular testing needs. The participants are either CTFA member companies who are already using or developing alternative tests, or those independent investigators whose development work is being sponsored by CTFA members. The purpose of the Program is to determine the effectiveness and limitations of a variety of tests for a range of different product types. Specifically, the Program will evaluate the capacity of the tests under investigation to rank and discriminate between the ocular irritation potential of a range of prototype cosmetic and personal care products. The Program is designed as a multi-year effort with a different product type evaluated each year. In Phase I, ten different ethanol-based substances are being tested; oil/water emulsions will be evaluated in Phase II. 131 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 The development of rabbit, guinea pig and mouse cages. Eveleigh, J.R. Sussex : The Institute of Animal Technology; 1988 Aug. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 39 (2): p. 107-116. ill; 1988 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Guinea pigs; Rabbits; Mice; Cages; Design; Types; Floors 132 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Diagnosis of subclinical Bacillus piliformis infection in a barrier-maintained mouse production colony. Gibson, S.V.; Waggie, K.S.; Wagner, J.E.; Ganaway, J.R. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1987 Dec. Laboratory animal science v. 37 (6): p. 786-788. ill; 1987 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Bacillus piliformis; Histopathology; Facilities; Treatment; Gerbils 133 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Diagnostic exercise: subcutaneous nodules in rhesus monkeys. Spencer, A.J. Joliet, Ill. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1985 Feb. Laboratory animal science v. 35 (1): p. 79-80. ill; 1985 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rhesus monkeys; Toxicity; Diagnosis; Facilities 134 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Diet and breeding performance in cats. Olovson, S.G. London : Laboratory Animal Science Association; 1986 Jul. Laboratory animals v. 20 (3): p. 221-230. ill; 1986 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Cat; Animal breeding; Diets; Animal nutrition; Reproductive performance 135 NAL Call. No.: QL785.A725 Diet sampling by wild Norway rats offered several unfamiliar foods. Beck, M.; Hitchcock, C.L.; Galef, B.G. Jr Austin, Tex. : Psychonomic Society; 1988 May. Animal learning & behavior v. 16 (2): p. 224-230; 1988 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rattus; Rats; Diets; Sampling; Feeding; Behavior; Food preferences Abstract: The present experiment was undertaken to examine directly the diet sampling behavior of wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) faced with a choice among familiar and unfamiliar foods. First-generation, laboratory-reared wild Norway rats ate from four food cups. Three of the food cups were in unfamiliar locations and contained unfamiliar foods. The remaining food cup was in a familiar location and contained a familiar food. Subjects in a control group were offered the familiar food in all four locations. We found (1) that subjects in experimental and control conditions took equal amounts of time to first visit food cups in unfamiliar locations, (2) that subjects in the experimental condition (those with access to unfamiliar foods) ate at unfamiliar locations at a slower rate than did subjects in the control condition (those with access only to familiar food), (3) that subjects in the experimental condition were no more likely than subjects in the control condition to eat at one unfamiliar location at a time, and (4) that following a bout of eating at an unfamiliar food cup, subjects in the experimental condition wated no longer than subjects in the control condition before eating from a different unfamiliar food cup. We interpreted these data as indicating that although wild Norway rats are hesitant to eat unfamiliar foods, once they begin to eat such foods, they do not sample among them so as to facilitate identification of any toxin present. 136 NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5 Differences in behaviour among adult male, female pairs of cotton-top tamarins (Saguinu oedipus) in different conditions of housing. Box, H.O.; Rohrhuber, B. Sussex : The Institute; 1993 Apr. Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 44 (1): p. 19-30; 1993 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Callithricidae; Animal behavior; Animal housing 137 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Disarming canine teeth of nonhuman primates using the submucosal vital root retention technique. Schofield, J.C.; Alves, M.E.A.F.; Hughes, K.W.; Bennett, B.T. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Apr. Laboratory animal science v. 41 (2): p. 128-133; 1991 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Primates; Teeth; Amputation; Postoperative complications Abstract: Removing or reducing the size of canine teeth of baboons and macaques has become an accepted practice to minimize the potential for injury to laboratory animal care personnel. A submucosal vital root retention procedure was adapted from the technique of root banking human teeth. In this technique, the crown of a tooth is amputated below the level of the alveolar bone crest, and the exposed pulp covered by a mucoperiosteal gingival flap. Our aim was to disarm the canine teeth of baboons and macaques with a single surgical procedure that would preserve a vital tooth root buried in alveolar bone under normal mucosa. Our long-term objective was to develop a technique that would not require further clinical management during the life of the animal. This paper presents the surgical techniques used. 138 NAL Call. No.: 410 B77 Djungarian hamster females conceive in the presence of multiple sibling males. Ferguson, B.; Dewsbury, D.A. London : Bailliere Tindall; 1987 Apr. Animal behaviour v. 35 (pt.2): p. 597-599; 1987 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Hamsters; Copulation; Animal breeding; Reproductive behavior 139 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 DNA fingerprinting for genetic monitoring of inbred laboratory rats and mice. Russell, R.J.; Festing, M.F.W.; Deeny, A.A.; Peters, A.G. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1993 Oct. Laboratory animal science v. 43 (5): p. 460-465; 1993 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Mice; Dna fingerprinting Abstract: DNA fingerprinting using a nonisotopically labeled minisatellite probe provided a valuable technique for genetic monitoring/quality control of laboratory rodents. Each of 12 inbred rat strains had a unique fingerprint pattern, and colonies separated for over 20 years had identical or nearly identical patterns. Strain LOU/Iap, which is known to have been genetically contaminated in the past, was clearly different from strain LOU/CN, supporting previous findings of studies using biochemical markers. Inbred strains of mice were also found to differ from each other. The F1 hybrid between C57BL/6 and CBA/Ca could not be distinguished from C57BL/6 by using DNA fingerprints, although they could be distinguished by using biochemical markers. Some congenic strains differed from their inbred partner. A suspected genetic contamination of MRL/Mp-lpr mice could not be detected in a sample of the breeding colony by using biochemical markers; however, DNA fingerprints from the suspect animals clearly demonstrated genetic segregation. DNA fingerprinting will be of particular value in investigating suspected problems as only a small sample of fresh, frozen, or ethanol-preserved tissue is needed. Thus, the actual suspect animals can be studied, rather than samples from a breeding colony from which contaminated animals may already have been eliminated. 140 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Duration of protection from reinfection following exposure to sialodacryoadenitis virus in wistar rats. Percy, D.H.; Bond, S.J.; Paturzo, F.X.; Bhatt, P.N. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1990 Mar. Laboratory animal science v. 40 (2): p. 144-149. ill; 1990 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Sialodacryoadenitis virus; Viral diseases; Disease resistance; Immunity; Reinfection; Disease transmission Abstract: Wistar rats [CR1:(WI)BR] were inoculated intranasally with approximately 10(3) median mouse lethal infective doses of sialodacryoadenitis (SDA) virus. Animals were subsequently selected at random, removed to a separate isolation room, and reinfected with SDA virus at 3, 6, 9, 12 or 15 months. Pre- and postinoculation serum samples were collected from all animals during the course of the study and evaluated for antibody titers to SDA virus. All experimental, control and sentinel animals, following inoculation with SDA virus, were necropsied and examined for lesions consistent with SDA. Salivary gland lesions were minimal to absent in rats reinfected with SDA virus for up to 12 to 15 months after the initial exposure and minimal to moderate in the respiratory tract at 12 or 15 months. SDA-associated lesions were extensive in age matched control animals examined at each time period of reinfection with SDA virus. Thus, prior exposure to SDA virus did protect against the development of typical salivary gland lesions for up to 15 months. Recovered animals were evaluated for their ability to transmit the virus following reinfection. Rats reinfected at 6 or 9 months were infectious to their naive cage mates. The results indicate that reinfection with homologous rat coronavirus can occur as early as 6 months after the initial infection, and such rats can transmit the infection to contact controls. 141 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Effect of acclimation to caging on nephrotoxic response of rats to uranium. Damon, E.G.; Eidson, A.F.; Hobbs, C.H.; Hahn, F.F. Joliet, Ill. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1986 Feb. Laboratory animal science v. 36 (1): p. 24-36. ill; 1986 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Acclimatization; Metabolism cage; Toxicity; Responses; Uranium; Kidneys 142 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3 Effect of cage population density on plasma corticosterone and peripheral lymphocyte populations of laboratory mice. Peng, X.; Lang, C.M.; Drozdowicz, C.K.; Ohlsson-Wilhelm, B.M. London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1989 Oct. Laboratory animals v. 23 (4): p. 302-306; 1989 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Cage density; Corticosterone; Blood plasma; Lymphocytes; Stress Abstract: The effect of different population densities of mice per cage on plasma corticosterone, peripheral lymphocytes and specific lymphocyte subpopulations was investigated. The animals were housed in groups of 2, 4 or 8 mice per cage and the blood samples were taken from each animal of these groups on days one, 7 and 14. A significant elevation (P < 0.05) in plasma corticosterone concentration was observed in the group of 8 mice per cage on days one and 7 as compared with those of 2 or 4 mice per cage. The number of peripheral lymphocytes was significantly decreased in the groups of 2 (P < 0.01) and 8 (P < 0.05) mice per cage as compared with the group of 4 mice per cage on day one. A significantly decreased number of lymphocytes (P < 0.01) in the group of 8 mice per cage continued to day 7. There were no significant differences in specific lymphocyte subpopulations observed among these groups. The results of this study suggest that a population density of 4 mice per cage induced minimal stress compared to that induced by the population densities of 2 or 8 mice per cage. Since stress is known to induce alteration in a variety of biological functions, the population density of mice per cage should be considered in the interpretation of research data. 143 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 The effect of cage size on the behavior of individually housed rhesus monkeys. Bayne, K.A.L.; McCully, C. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1989 Oct. Lab animal v. 18 (7): p. 25-28; 1989 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rhesus monkeys; Cage size; Animal behavior 144 NAL Call. No.: 470 C16D The effect of captivity on reproduction and development in Peromyscus maniculatus. Millar, J.S.; Threadgill, D.A.L. Ottawa, Canada : National Research Council of Canada; 1987 Jul. Canadian journal of zoology v. 65 (7): p. 1713-1719; 1987 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Peromyscus; Breeding methods; Population pressure; Natural mating; Laboratory rearing; Litter size; Reproductive performance 145 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A Effect of in-house transport on murine plasma corticosterone concentration and blood lymphocyte populations. Drozdowicz, C.K.; Bowman, T.A.; Webb, M.L.; Lang, C.M. Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1990 Nov. American journal of veterinary research v. 51 (11): p. 1841-1846; 1990 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Transport of animals; Stress; Lymphocytes; Corticosterone; Blood plasma; Leukocyte count; Thymus gland; Immunosuppression Abstract: The effect of in-house transport on plasma corticosterone concentration and blood lymphocyte populations of laboratory mice was investigated. Mice were transported within a research facility at 0900 hours in a pattern designed to simulate that commonly used by investigators prior to experimental manipulation. Plasma corticosterone concentration and WBC count were determined at 0.25, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after transport. A significant (P less than 0.05) increase in plasma corticosterone concentration was seen in mice immediately after transport. The normal circadian rhythm of plasma corticosterone concentration was altered for the subsequent 24-hour period. Corresponding significant (P less than 0.05) decreases in total WBC numbers, lymphocyte count, and thymus gland weight were observed. The decrease in total blood lymphocyte numbers at 4 hours was reflected in B-and T- lymphocyte populations. The subsequent acute increase in plasma corticosterone concentration was associated with alterations in the cellular components of the immune system. Results of the study indicated that routine in-house transport of laboratory mice should be considered a stressful stimulus. 146 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Effect of temporary restricted social housing on later reproductive behavior in adolescent chimpanzees. Fritz, J.; Howell, S.M. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1992 May. Lab animal v. 21 (5): p. 21-25; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Chimpanzees; Animal housing; Sexual behavior 147 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 The effect of transportation stress on splenic natural killer cell activity in C57BL/6J mice. Aguila, H.N.; Pakes, S.P.; Lai, W.C.; Lu, Y.S. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1988 Apr. Laboratory animal science v. 38 (2): p. 148-151; 1988 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Transport of animals; Air transport; Trucks; Stress; Spleen; Cell physiology; Corticosterone Abstract: Splenic natural killer cell activity and plasma corticosterone levels were measured in air- and truck- transported C57BL/6J mice (Mus musculus) on days 0, 1, 3 and 5 post-arrival. These data are important in determining adequate stabilization periods for transported animals before studies involving natural killer cells are begun. Three control groups (phosphate buffered saline, polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid, and hydrocortisone injected mice) were stabilized in the animal facilities 3 weeks before the start of experiments. Natural killer activity in transported mice was reduced significantly (p less than 0.05) on day 0 and returned to normal levels by 24 hours. Plasma corticosterone levels were increased significantly (p less than 0.005) on day 0 and returned to control levels by day 1, correlating inversely with splenic natural killer activity. This study indicates that stress resulting from transportation causes a short-term decrease in the splenic natural killer cell activity of mice, and this decrease may be related to the increased plasma corticosterone levels induced by the stressful event. We conclude that mice should be stabilized at least 24 hours before experiments involving the natural killer cell system are begun. 148 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 The effectiveness of a microisolator cage system and sentinel mice for controlling and defecting MHV and Sendai virus infections. Dillehay, D.L.; Lehner, N.D.M.; Huerkamp, M.J. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1990 Jul. Laboratory animal science v. 40 (4): p. 367-370; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Murine paramyxovirus; Viral hepatitis; Cages; Isolation; Sentinel animals; Litter; Disease prevention; Detection Abstract: Experiments were conducted to determine (a) whether BALB/c mice housed on soiled bedding can be used as sentinels for the detection of Sendai virus and MHV from infected mice housed in microisolators, and (b) whether the microisolator caging system protects mice against Sendai virus and MHV infections. Sentinel mice were housed in microisolator cages, exposed continuously to soiled bedding and bled at 21 and 42 days for serology. All sentinel mice were seropositive for MHV by 42 days; however, sentinel mice exposed to soiled bedding were seronegative for Sendai virus at 21 and 42 days. These results suggest that sentinels housed on soiled bedding may not detect all infectious murine viruses. This study also showed that the microisolator caging system provided an effective barrier against MHV infection at the cage level and suggests that the microisolators should protect mice against other infectious agents. 149 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 The effects of a mass air displacement unit on the microenvironmental parameters within isolator cages. Corning, B.F.; Lipman, N.S. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Feb. Laboratory animal science v. 42 (1): p. 91-93; 1992 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mice; Cages; Air quality; Air flow; Microenvironments; Gases 150 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33 Effects of ambient lighting on the eyes of rats. Kupp, R.P. Jr; Pinto, C.A.; Rubin, L.F.; Griffin, H.E. New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1989 Jul. Lab animal v. 18 (5): p. 32-35, 37. ill; 1989 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Eyes (animal); Natural light; Facilities; Lighting; Retinas; Degeneration 151 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Effects of cage beddings on microsomal oxidative enzymes in rat liver. Weichbrod, R.H.; Cisar, C.F.; Miller, J.G.; Simmonds, R.C.; Alvares, A.P.; Ueng, T.H. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1988 Jun. Laboratory animal science v. 38 (3): p. 296-298; 1988 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Rats; Liver; Enzyme activity; Microsomes; Benzopyrene; Hydroxylases; Cages; Litter; Wood shavings; Wood chips; Pines; Cedrus; Maize cobs Abstract: The purpose of the present studies was to evaluate the effects of some commercially available cage beddings on rat liver microsomal cytochrome P-450-dependent drug- metabolizing enzyme, ethylmorphine N-demethylase, and the carcinogen-metabolizing enzyme, benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase. Sprague-Dawley rats were housed in cages containing cedar chip, corncob or heat-treated pinewood bedding for 3 weeks. Control rats were housed in cages on wire bottom floors containing no bedding material. Rats housed in cages containing cedar chip showed 18, 46 and 49% increases in liver cytochrome P-450 content, ethylmorphine N-demethylase and benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase activities, respectively. The liver enzyme activities of rats housed incages containing corncob bedding were similar to those obtained with control rats. In contrast, the pinewood-bedded rats showed a 21% decrease in ethylmorphine N-demethylase activity without affecting cytochrome P-450 content and benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase activity. Hexobarbital-induced sleep times of the variously bedded rats were similar to those of control animals. These data suggest that the commercial bedding materials differ in their abilities to affect liver microsomal enzymes. Thus, interlaboratory variability in basal enzyme activities reported in the literature may be partly due to bedding materials used in the animal's cages. 152 NAL Call. No.: SF407.P7T49 1991 Effects of cage size and environmental enrichment on behavioral and physiological responses of rhesus macaques to the stress of daily events., 1st ed.;. Line, S.W.; Markowitz, H.; Morgan, K.N.; Strong, S. Washington, DC : American Psychological Association ;; 1991. Through the looking glass: issues of psychological well-being in captive nonhuman primates / edited by Melinda A. Novak and Andrew J. Petto. p. 160-179; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Macaca mulatta; Environment; Enrichment; Cage size; Stress; Animal welfare; Animal husbandry 153 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 The effects of cage size and pair housing on exercise of beagle dogs. Hughes, H.C.; Campbell, S.; Kenney, C. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1989 Jul. Laboratory animal science v. 39 (4): p. 302-305; 1989 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Dogs; Animal housing; Cage size; Cage density; Exercise; Animal welfare; Regulations Abstract: One of the requirements of the 1985 amendments to the Animal Welfare Act is the establishment of an exercise program for dogs. Assumptions have been made by some that larger cages or the presence of a companion animal will motivate exercise. To examine how cage size, pair housing and human contact affect exercise, a study was conducted using a computerized video-data acquisition system that measured distance traveled and time spent moving in 1 X 1 m, (single only) and 1 X 2 m (single and paired) and 1 X 1.5 m cage (paired only) cages. Male beagle dogs (n = 6) housed singly in the 1 m2 cage traveled an average of 55m/hr spending only 8% (57 min) of the 12 h photo period in motion. When the cage size was doubled, the average distance traveled decreased to 13m/hr and the time spent moving increased to 11% (77 min/day). When dogs were pair housed in a regulation size cage, the average distance traveled decreased to 8.6 m/hr and they spent less than 6% of the day in exercising (42 min/12hrs.). The greatest amount of exercise was seen when dogs were housed as a pair in a cage less than recommended size (an average of 109 m/hr and 8.8 min/hr). Therefore, these data indicate that larger cages or pair housing in regulation size cages have little or no effect on the activity of purpose bred male beagle dogs. There was, however, a direct correlation between activity, time and distance, and the presence of humans in the animal room. When people were in the room, dog activity increased. When people were absent, dogs were less active. 154 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94 Effects of dichlorvos treatment on mouse reproduction. Casebolt, D.B.; Leary, S.L.; Undeutsch, L. Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1990 Jan. Laboratory animal science v. 40 (1): p. 65-67; 1990 J